kubernetes的dashboard登录方式

kubernetes dashboard login method:

1.无密码登录

2.token登录

3.客户端查看

无密码登录

dashboard安装报错？下面介绍3种方式，无密码登录，token登录，dashboard客户端查看

kubernetes的dashboard登录方式 - 第1张

# cat kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
 
 
# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>
 
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
 
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]
 
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
 
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
 
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  #type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 9090
    targetPort: 9090
    #nodePort: 30088
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

# cat dashboard-admin.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

kubectl创建完成后，加proxy

nohup kubectl proxy --address='0.0.0.0' --port=8888 --accept-hosts='^*$' &

浏览器访问http://master_IP:8888/ui

如果用NodePort模式，把上面type: NodePort 和 nodePort:30088 取消注释，访问30088端口即可

这个无密码登录有个问题：打开容器组的容器面板，右上角有”运行命令”，这里是不能执行的，另外菜单的”设置”不能使用，如果使用下面的token登录可以

token登录

# cat kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
 
# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>
 
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
 
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]
 
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
 
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        #image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
        image: harbor.bbotte.github.io:50505/k8s/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
 
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
 
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
#  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 9090
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

获取dashboard token

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep kubernetes-dashboard-token|awk '{print $1}')|grep token:|awk '{print $2}'

登录

https://192.168.0.238:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/#!/login
 
{
  "kind": "Status",
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "metadata": {
    
  },
  "status": "Failure",
  "message": "services \"https:kubernetes-dashboard:\" is forbidden: User \"system:anonymous\" cannot get services/proxy in the namespace \"kube-system\"",
  "reason": "Forbidden",
  "details": {
    "name": "https:kubernetes-dashboard:",
    "kind": "services"
  },
  "code": 403
}

证书问题，添加证书 使用client-certificate-data和client-key-data生成一个p12文件

生成client-certificate-data

grep 'client-certificate-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.crt

生成client-key-data

grep 'client-key-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.key

生成p12

openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -inkey kubecfg.key -in kubecfg.crt -out kubecfg.p12 -name "kubernetes-client"

kubecfg.p12就是生成的个人证书

下面是Chrome和Firefox浏览器导入证书

kubernetes的dashboard登录方式 - 第2张

kubernetes的dashboard登录方式 - 第3张

在Chrome或者Firefox添加 kubecfg.p12 个人证书，再次使用令牌访问，提示。。。等等一堆错误：

configmaps is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:kube-system:kubernetes-dashboard" cannot list configmaps in the namespace "default"

根据下面操作

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard -n default
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin -n default --clusterrole=cluster-admin  --serviceaccount=default:dashboard
kubectl get secret $(kubectl get serviceaccount dashboard -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o jsonpath="{.data.token}" | base64 --decode

拿这个token登录dashboard界面即可

客户端查看

https://kubernetic.com/ 下载客户端

比如Windows电脑，Win+R打开运行，输入cmd，执行命令mkdir .kube

把master节点 .kube/config 放到 C:\Users\用户名.kube 目录下，打开kubernetic即可

kubernetes的dashboard登录方式 - 第4张

参考：

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/wiki/Installation

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/wiki/Accessing-Dashboard—1.7.X-and-above

2018年06月01日 于 linux工匠 发表